Pain and Depression

Advances in
Psychosomatic Medicine
Vol. 25

Series Editor
T.N. Wise Falls Church, Va.
Editors
G.A. Fava Bologna
I. Fukunishi Tokyo
M.B. Rosenthal Cleveland, Ohio



Preface
1 Perspectives on Pain and Depression
Clark, M.R.; Treisman, G.J. (Baltimore, Md.)
28 The Psychological Behaviorism Theory of Pain and the Placebo:
Its Principles and Results of Research Application
Staats, P.S. (Baltimore, Md.); Hekmat, H. (Stevens Point, Wisc.);
Staats, A.W. (Manoa, Hawaii)
41 Function, Disability, and Psychological Well-Being
Katz, P. (San Francisco, Calif.)
63 Structural Models of Comorbidity among Common
Mental Disorders: Connections to Chronic Pain
Krueger, R.F.; Tackett, J.L.; Markon, K.E. (Minneapolis, Minn.)
78 Neurobiology of Pain
Clark, M.R.; Treisman, G.J. (Baltimore, Md.)
89 Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Diagnostic Controversies,
Psychological Dysfunction, and Emerging Concepts
Grabow, T.S.; Christo, P.J.; Raja, S.N. (Baltimore, Md.)



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Introduction
The prevalence of chronic pain reported in the general population ranges
from 10 to 55% with an estimate of severe chronic pain of approximately 11%
among adults despite the lack of standard definitions for terms such as ‘chronic’
or ‘severe’ that usually emphasize widespread pain, functional disability, interference
from pain, or pain characteristics [Karlsten and Gordh, 1997; Nickel and
Raspe, 2001; Ospina and Harstall, 2002; Verhaak et al., 1998]. In the most
recent review from multiple countries and the WHO, the weighted mean prevalence
of chronic pain was 31% in men, 40% in women, 25% in children up to
18 years old, and 50% in the elderly over 65 years old [Ospina and Harstall, 2002].
During a 2-week period, 13% of the US workforce reported a loss in productivity
due to a common pain condition such as headache, back pain, arthritis pain, or
other musculoskeletal pain [Stewart et al., 2003].
The US Center for Health Statistics’ 8-year follow-up survey found 32.8%
of the general population suffered from chronic pain symptoms [Magni et al.,
1993]. In another WHO study of over 25,000 primary care patients in 14 countries,
22% (United States  17%) of patients suffered from pain that was present
for most of the time for at least 6 months [Gureje et al., 1998]. In a study of
6,500 individuals aged 15–74 years in Finland, 14% experienced daily chronic
pain that was independently associated with lower self-rated health [Mantyselka
et al., 2003]. A retrospective analysis of 14,000 primary care patients in Sweden
found that approximately 30% of patients seeking treatment had some kind of
defined pain problem with almost two thirds diagnosed with musculoskeletal
pain